That would be the Vacuum Breaker
When you flush/open water supply valve water flows up into the vacuum breaker ---water pressure closes the flapped/valve at top...water then flows into bowl
When done flushing vacuum breaker flapper/valve opens allowing water in vacuum breaker to flow into bowl and cover the seal
Flapper/valve not fully seating...water leaks out top hole
Looks like a Thetford Aqua Magic Style II-----
S/B item 3
https://www.thetford.com/part/aqua-magic-style-ii/